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What do hops actually do in beer?

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Answer: Add bitterness, aroma, and preserve it

Add bitterness, aroma, and preserve itCorrect! Hops pull triple duty: they add bitterness to balance the malt's sweetness, aroma (the citrus and pine you smell), and they preserve the beer by fighting spoilage microbes. They're the flower of a climbing plant, Humulus lupulus.

Add the alcoholWrong. Alcohol comes from yeast eating the grain's sugars, not from hops. Hops flavor and preserve the beer, but they don't make it boozy.

Make the bubblesWrong. The bubbles are CO2 produced by yeast during fermentation. Hops have nothing to do with carbonation.

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