Why do spinning skaters speed up?
Show answer & explanation
Answer: Conservation of angular momentum
Conservation of angular momentum ✓ — Correct! Angular momentum (L = I×ω) is conserved without external torque. Moment of inertia I = mass × radius². Arms out: large radius, large I, slower rotation ω. Arms in: small radius, small I—to conserve L, rotation ω increases! Same physics: divers tuck for spins, planets orbit faster when closer to sun. Skater doesn't add energy—redistributes existing rotational energy. Pull arms in = speed up dramatically!
Friction decreases with arms in — Wrong. Friction change is minimal. Speed increase is from angular momentum conservation—pulling arms in reduces moment of inertia, increasing rotation rate.
Muscles push harder when tucked — Wrong. Muscles don't create the spin increase—they pull arms in. Angular momentum conservation (L = I×ω constant) automatically increases rotation when reducing radius.
More Physics in Daily Life questions
- In a warm office that already reads 26 C, which change can make people feel cooler without lowering the thermostat?
- Why might 26 C feel acceptable in a breezy naturally ventilated summer building but too warm in a sealed winter office?
- On a warm humid day, why can the same 27 C room feel much worse once you start sweating?
- Why can moving air make a 27 C room feel cooler without changing the thermometer?
- Which hidden factor can make a desk beside a cold window feel chilly even when the thermostat across the room still reads 22 C?
- In the same 22 C room, why might someone who just climbed stairs feel warm while someone sitting in a T-shirt feels chilly?