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Why do rockets need so much fuel?

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Answer: Must carry own oxygen and mass

Must carry own oxygen and massCorrect! Unlike planes that use atmospheric oxygen, rockets must carry their own oxidizer. Plus, each bit of fuel needs more fuel to lift it! This 'tyranny of the rocket equation' means most of a rocket's weight is fuel.

Fuel burns inefficientlyWrong. Rocket engines are actually quite efficient. The challenge is the basic physics of carrying your own propellant.

Engines are very heavyWrong. Engines are relatively small. The fuel mass dominates because rockets must carry both fuel AND oxygen.

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